标签存档： 新西兰论文代写

论文 代写：食物过敏

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论文 代写：食物过敏

食物过敏是由免疫系统的反应引起的，这种反应是在吃了一种特殊的食物后立即发生的(比如牛奶、鸡蛋)。即使只吃少量的食物会引起特定人的过敏，也可能引发荨麻疹、消化问题和气道肿胀等症状和体征(Sicherer & Sampson, 2014)。Kuitunen(2014)评论说，有些人对某些食物过敏，可能会有一种叫做过敏反应的严重反应。有时，卫生保健提供者不能区分食物过敏和食物不耐受。引起食物过敏最常见的食物包括牛奶、鸡蛋、花生、小麦、大豆、鱼、贝类、坚果等。本研究的重点是确定牛奶引起的食物过敏的影响以及避免这种过敏的食物替代品。每100个孩子中就有3到6个孩子对牛奶过敏。这种过敏会导致各种健康问题，需要几个月的时间才能被诊断出来。儿童主要受牛奶过敏影响(mayoclinic.org, 2016)。

论文 代写：食物过敏

如McWilliams & Collins(2014)所述，对牛奶过敏的人也会对其他动物(山羊、绵羊等)的奶过敏。牛奶由两种蛋白质组成:酪蛋白(80%)和乳清(20%)。人们可能对一种或两种蛋白质过敏。因此，每当人们吃这些蛋白质的时候，身体就会觉得它是有害的入侵者。因此,蛋白质的免疫系统过度挡,掠袭者,导致过敏反应如气喘、咳嗽、呼吸困难,喉咙闷、声音沙哑、腹泻、红斑、肿胀、血压下降,水,肿胀或眼睛痒,胃痛等过敏反应发生在几分钟到几小时后这些食物包括牛奶蛋白质。Dontje Hulshof & Sprikkelman(2015)认为，过敏性反应是由牛奶过敏引起的最有害的反应，可能导致过敏者死亡。因此，适当地治疗过敏反应是很重要的，否则会危及生命。牛奶过敏涉及免疫系统。

论文 代写：食物过敏

Food allergy is caused by the reaction of the immune system that takes place immediately after consuming a particular food (e.g. cow’s milk, egg). Even eating a tiny amount of the food that causes allergy to a specific person may trigger symptoms and signs like hives, digestive problems and swollen airways (Sicherer & Sampson, 2014).Kuitunen (2014) commented that, some people, who are allergic to certain food, might have solemn reaction called anaphylaxis. Sometime, health care providers fail to differentiate food allergy from food intolerance. The most common foods that cause food allergies include cow’s milk, egg, peanuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, tree nuts etc. This study is focused on identifying the impact of food allergy caused by cow’s milk and alternatives of foods to avoid such allergy. Cow’s milk allergy affects 3 to 6 children on every 100. This allergy creates various health issues that take several months to be diagnosed. Children are mainly affected by cow’s milk allergy (mayoclinic.org, 2016).

论文 代写：食物过敏
As stated by McWilliams & Collins (2014), people, who are allergic to cow milk are tend to be allergic to the milks of other animals (goat, sheep etc) as well. Milk consists of two types of proteins are caseins (80%) and whey (20%). People may allergic to one or both the proteins. Therefore, whenever people eat any of these proteins, it is seemed as harmful raiders by the body. Therefore, the immune system overreacts to that proteins for fending that raider that lead to allergic reactions like wheezing, coughing, trouble breathing, throat tightness, hoarseness, diarrhoea, red spots, swelling, fall of blood pressure, watery, swollen or itchy eyes, stomachache etc. The allergic reactions occur within few minutes to hours after having foods those consist of milk proteins. According to Dontje Hulshof & Sprikkelman (2015), anaphylaxis is the most harmful reaction caused by milk allergy that may lead to death of the allergic person. Therefore, treating anaphylaxis properly is important otherwise, it can be life threatening. Milk allergy involves the immune system.

商科代写：成本函数步骤

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商科代写：成本函数步骤

在定量分析技术下，对成本函数进行估计需要采取哪些步骤?用你自己的话简短地解释每一个步骤及其背后的逻辑。在你的答案中至少参考两个来源(除了课本)，并在作业中提供完整的来源参考。回答第一步:选择因变量，需要预测的总成本是因变量。在Y = a + bX的方程中通常被称为Y。第二步:确定自变量或成本动因。X是方程中的自变量，它的值会改变方程中Y的值。在方程中a是Y轴截距或固定成本。b是直线的斜率或单位可变成本(Horngren et al.， 2011)。步骤3:收集有关因变量和成本驱动因素的数据。数据收集是下一步，因为相关成本将被分为可变成本或固定成本。

商科代写：成本函数步骤

可变成本是指随着成本的增加或减少而不断变化的价值。固定成本是不变的部分。步骤4:绘制数据。数据可以用高、低的方法绘制，也可以用最小二乘法绘制。数据的绘制有助于确定总成本的分布。步骤5:估计成本函数。成本函数估计是在建立相关成本后建立的。例如，如果在high-low方法下发现固定成本为$20,000，单位可变成本为$。那么合成方程是:Y = 20000 +。6x。利用这个方程，可以建立或估计给定水平的方程的总成本。步骤6:评估估算成本函数的成本动因。成本动因或自变量应不时进行评估，因为价值可能会随市场情况而变化。这将有助于估计任何可能的减少和重新评估(Lanen, 2013)。

商科代写：成本函数步骤

Under quantitative analysis technique, which six steps are taken to make an estimate about a cost function? Briefly explain each step and the logic behind it in your own words. Refer to at least two sources (other than your text book) in your answer and provide a complete reference of the sources in your assignments.Answer Step 1: Choose the dependent variableThe total cost which is required to be predicted is the dependent variable in this case. Generally referred to as Y in the equation of Y = a + bX.Step 2: Identify the independent variable, or cost driver. X is the independent variable in the equation whose value would change the value of the Y in the equation. In the equation the term a is the Y intercept or the fixed cost. And b is the slope of the line or the variable cost per unit (Horngren, et al., 2011). Step 3: Collect data on the dependent variable and the cost driver. Data collection is the next step as the relevant costs are to be classified either as variable cost or fixed cost.

商科代写：成本函数步骤
Variable cost would be that which keeps on changing value with increase or decrease in costs. Fixed cost is the constant portion. Step 4: Plot the data. Data can be plotted in a high low method or thorough a least square method. Plotting of the data helps in identifying the distribution of the total costs. Step 5: Estimate the cost function. Cost function estimation is established once the relevant cost is established. For example, if the fixed cost is found to be $20,000 under the high-low method and the unit variable cost is $.6 then the resultant equation would be:Y = 20,000 + .6X.With this equation the total cost can be established or estimated for a given level of equation. Step 6: Evaluate the cost driver of the estimated cost function. The cost driver or the independent variable shall be evaluated from time to time as the value might change dependent upon the market condition. This would help in the estimation of any probable reduction and reassessment (Lanen, 2013).

代写招聘：压力的来源

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代写招聘：压力的来源

通过文献综述，对不同学术和期刊上关于学生和工人压力的文章进行了探讨，从而确定了本文研究的理论背景。文献综述也将有助于研究者解决研究问题。大量研究表明，与工作或学业相关的压力是学生和员工心理和情绪疾病的主要来源。压力被认为是一种心理和情绪上的变化，这种变化在过去几年中不断升级。压力可以分为两个领域，即精神压力和身体压力(Dubina, 2005)。从心理学的角度来看，压力被定义为行为和认知体验，是心理反应在特定情境下的结果。大学生和工作者的压力水平是不同的，这对研究人员来说是很重要的。Rawson et al(1996)指出，大学生中占主导地位的心理压力是学习因素、生活方式、经济因素、社会因素和职业因素的结果(Rawson et al.， 2016)。林希纳(Lin Xhnag)和车文波(Wenbo Che, 2003)设计了一项研究，通过对7所大学的调查和对2007年左右的大学生的访谈，来评估“大学生心理压力量表”。研究发现，学生的压力有两个方面，即个人压力和社会环境压力。

代写招聘：压力的来源

个人压力与家庭问题、适应性问题、健康问题、关系冲突、低自尊、沮丧问题有关，而社会环境压力则与人际交往、职业压力、情感冲突、学业压力等问题有关(Lee, 2014)。Swaminathan & Rajkumar(2013)通过将受访者分为年龄组、职业种类、职业、工作环境的影响和工作时间，对压力水平进行了调查。该研究得出的结论是，员工能够根据自己的表现发挥出自己的全部能力，而且在这项研究中，工作压力产生的原因有三种:工作量、自我距离和工作停滞(Swaminathan and Rajkumar, 2010)。Zhang(2009)认为，员工的压力主要来自于工作的工作量，这影响了他们在工作中的表现。研究还将压力分为短暂的、创伤后的和慢性的压力，作者认为这些压力可以用有效的压力管理方法来管理。作者发现，良好的工作环境和员工之间的工作组织是减轻员工压力的有效途径(Zhang, 2009)。Yamashita、Saito和Takao(2012)的另一项研究基于护士的工作压力，对195名全职护士(新加坡)进行了访谈，并对描述性统计和路径分析进行了分析。本研究的结论是，正向影响与工作压力负相关，而工作场所的便利设施有助于护士的压力管理(Yamashita, Saito, and Takao, 2012)。

代写招聘：压力的来源

The literature review explores the different academic and journal articles on stress for students as well as workers so that the theoretical background of proposed research is identified. The literature review will also help the researcher to address the research questions. Numerous studies have revealed that stress related to job or academics are a major source of mental and emotional illness in students and workers. Stress is considered to be a psychological and emotional change that has been escalating over the years. Stress can be categorized into two fields namely mental stress and physical stress (Dubina, 2005). From the perspective of psychology, stress is defined as the behavioral and recognitive experience which is a result of mental reactions in a particular situation. The level of stress is different for college students and for workers which have been important for researchers. Rawson et al (1996) had stated that the mental stress which is predominant in the college students is a result of study factors, lifestyle, economic factors, social factors and career factors (Rawson et al., 2016). Lin Xhnag and Wenbo Che (2003) had designed a study to evaluate the “scale for mental stresses of college students” by conducting a survey in 7 colleges and interviewed around 2007 college students. The study revealed that there are two aspects of stress in students which are personal stress and social environmental stress.

代写招聘：压力的来源
While the personal stress is related to the family issues, the problem of adaptability, health problems, relationship conflict, the problem of low self-esteem and frustration, the social environmental stress is related to the issues of interpersonal communication, occupational stress, emotional conflicts, and academic pressure (Lee, 2014). Swaminathan & Rajkumar (2013) conducted a research to investigate into the level of stress by segregating the respondents into age groups, job varieties, profession, the influence of work environment and the working hours. The study concluded that the workers are able to perform to their full capacity based on their performance, and also there are three reasons for workplace stress that have been identified in this research which are workload, self-distance, and stagnation in work (Swaminathan and Rajkumar, 2010). According to Zhang (2009), workers are stressed out mainly due to the workload and it has affected their performance in the workplace. The study also categorized stress into transient, post-traumatic and chronic stress and the authors have suggested that these stresses can be managed using effective stress management approaches. The authors have found out that good work environment and organization of work among the workers are an effective way to reduce stress for the workers (Zhang, 2009). Another study conducted by Yamashita, Saito, and Takao (2012), was based on the work stress of the nurses and a sample of 195 full-time nurses (Singapore) was interviewed and descriptive statistics and path analyses have been analyzed. The study concluded that the positive affectivity is negatively related to work stress and worksite amenities can help in stress management for the nurses (Yamashita, Saito, and Takao, 2012).

个人陈述代写：妇女工作的权利

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个人陈述代写：妇女工作的权利

鲁伊斯写过一本关于少数民族妇女的挣扎和痛苦的书，尤其是1930年至1950年间在食品加工行业工作的墨西哥裔美国妇女。这些妇女不得不与对她们不利的压倒性优势作斗争。关于工会间的冲突和权力斗争有广泛的讨论。这个分析的目的是解释罐头厂的影响文化在加州沿海的工会化进程,尤其是墨西哥妇女的角色在这个过程中会详细调查分析罐头厂文化和工会在加州沿海“潮湿等恶劣的环境下,在工厂装,地板,危险机械,和残暴的监督者,服务统一食品加工操作”(鲁伊斯,36)。墨西哥裔美国人，非裔美国人，菲律宾人，来自不同文化背景的日本人在恶劣的环境下工作，他们需要一个支持系统来保护他们的集体利益和个人利益。

个人陈述代写：妇女工作的权利

工人之间形成了一种跨文化的联系。最著名的工会之一，美国罐头、农业、包装和联合工人联合会(UCAPAWA)成立于1937年，目的是保护工人的权利，并提供一个安全的工作场所。女性在工会建设中发挥了重要作用。墨西哥食品加工工人在西南部，黑人在南方烟草棚工作。意大利和波兰妇女受雇于中西部和东部的加那利群岛，以及他们在阿拉斯加鲑鱼公司的阿拉斯加本地人对工会的成功做出了贡献”(Ruiz, 100)。人们发现这个国家的女雇员也在增加。这是在美国不同的文化中发现的。

个人陈述代写：妇女工作的权利

Ruiz had written a book on the struggles and travails of the ethnic women especially the Mexican American women who worked in the food processing industry between 1930 to 1950. These women had to struggle against the overwhelming odds stacked against them. There are extensive discussions of the inter union conflict and power struggles. The purpose of this analysis is to explain the impact of Cannery culture in the unionization process in Coastal California, and especially the role of the Mexican women in the process will be probed in detail in this analysis Cannery culture and unionization in coastal California “Deplorable conditions inside the canneries, such as wet floors, Hazardous machinery, and tyrannical supervisors, served to unite food processing operative” (Ruiz, 36).Mexican Americans, African Americans, Filipino, Japanese people from different cultures had to work under the harsh conditions and they needed a support system that would protect their collective interest as well as the individual interest.

个人陈述代写：妇女工作的权利
There was a cross cultural bond that was formed between the workers in the population. One of the most prominent union United Cannery, Agricultural, Packing, and Allied Workers of America (UCAPAWA) was formed in 1937 as a way to protect the rights of the workers and provide a safe place to work. “Women played an instrumental role in union building. Mexican food processing workers in the southwest, blacks employed at southern tobacco shed. Italian and Polish women employed by Midwestern and eastern canaries, as well as their Alaskan Natives counterpart at Alaskan Salmon firms contributed to the Unions’ success” (Ruiz, 100). It was found that the women employees in the country were on the rise as well. This was found across the different cultures within America.

澳洲代写:消防安全

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澳洲代写:消防安全

这项研究工作的主要目的是了解现有的酒店如何能够减少火灾风险，并通过改进代码来更好地管理火灾。目前，香港正在遵循一些规范的做法，如下所示。第一个是在1996年6月成立的《火灾情况下提供逃生办法》的实务守则。二是1995年5月设立的消防和救援通道的工作守则。第三个是1995年1月左右的防火建筑实践守则。最后，在1998年6月设立的最低消防设施和设备的实践守则，以及安装和设备的检查、测试和维修。这些是已经实施并存在了很长一段时间的处方。但是，它们是否符合全球的标准?

澳洲代写:消防安全
例如，在香港，考虑为何住宅和非住宅楼宇通常不会有相同的消防安全要求。对消防安全的要求将会因建筑物而异，因此，在建筑物内居住的人应负责检查个人规定是否安全。在他们的一篇文章中，作者们提出了这种缺乏标准的规定导致了旧的住宅楼被拆除的原因，因为要为他们建立必要的法规是很困难的。社会压力很大，消防部门在各方面进行检查和演习的方式也有严厉的批评。在改进法规方面，要了解不同建筑的不同标准和规定可能使法规遵循困难。然而，香港有不同的标准，不仅是为了确保楼宇的安全，而且是为了确保楼宇的安全，以确保楼宇的安全。因此，香港的消防规范制度不规范，是有原因的。然而，为了使法规遵循更容易，他们也应该投资一些标准的实践。

澳洲代写:消防安全

The main objective of this research work is to understand the way that existing hotels would be able to reduce the risk of fires and have better fire management by having improved codes. Currently, Hong Kong is following some prescriptive practices, which are as follows. The first is the Code of Practice for the Provision of Means of Escape in Case of Fire, which was established in the year 1996 June. The second is the Code of Practice for Means of Access for Firefighting and Rescue, established in May 1995. The third is the Code of Practice for Fire Resisting Construction, circa January 1995. Finally, the Code of Practice for Minimum Fire Service Installations and Equipment, and Inspection, Testing and Maintenance of Installations and Equipment established in the June of 1998. These are prescriptions that have been implemented and remain in existence for a long time. However, are they standard and up to global requirements?

澳洲代写:消防安全
For instance, in the case of Hong Kong, consider why the residential and non-residential buildings usually will not have the same fire safety requirement. The requirements for fire safety will vary between buildings and hence it becomes the responsibility of the person staying in the building to check for the individual regulations to be on the safer side. The authors in one of their sub arguments present how this lack of standard regulations has led to old residential buildings being put to demolition because it was difficult to set up the needed regulations for them. There is much social pressure and there are severe criticisms in the way fire service departments carried out checks and drills in separate ways. In terms of improving regulations, it is to be understood that different standards and regulations for different buildings could make compliance difficult. However, Hong Kong has different standards not only to make compliance difficult but to ensure buildings based on their safety to get the respective clearings and counsel in fire safety. Therefore, not so standardized fire regulation system of Hong Kong exists for a reason. However, in order to make compliance easier, they should invest in some standard practices as well.

 

 

essay 代写:艺术品

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essay 代写:艺术品

市场上有许多与艺术品相关的诉讼风险。例如，考虑艺术品和收藏品的价值如何被强制转化为诉讼来解决索赔纠纷。所有权的所有权要求必须在艺术品可以考虑安全或出售之前得到解决。请求贷款的人以艺术品作为安全的自己的作品的标题成为了一个重要的问题。只有大约25%的索赔要求被认为是在历史或当代盗窃的背景下存在争议。将近百分之七十五是关于谁拥有它、传统留置权、与之相关的负担等。

essay 代写:艺术品
艺术作品仍然是一个不受监管的行业，要将金融规律引入到这个行业中，就会认识到艺术作品，更多地关注于理论、学术和实际的财务方面。只有这是可能的，才能减少与保护艺术品长期相关的风险。必须引进国际上公认的做法标准。彼得•多格(Peter Doig)的锤子价格也表明了一个非常高的波动性。高波动性也会带来风险。

essay 代写:艺术品

There are many litigation risks in the market associated with the artwork. For instance, consider how artworks and value of collectibles are forced into litigation to settle disputes in claims. Title claims based on ownership have to be resolved before the artwork could be considered for security or sale. Do the person requesting loan with artwork as security own the title of the artwork becomes a major question here. Only maybe as many as twenty five percent of the claims are seen to be disputed on the context of historical or a contemporary theft. Nearly seventy five percent are disputes on who owns it, the traditional lien, the encumbrances associated with it etc.

essay 代写:艺术品
Art work is still a much unregulated industry and to bring financial discipline into the industry would recognize artwork and more with much more focus in theory, academics and practical financial aspects. Only if this is possible, then the risks associated with securing a long on artwork could be reduced. Internationally, accepted standards of practices must be introduced.Peter Doig’s hammer prices also indicate a very high volatility. The high volatility also lends itself to risks.

 

代写：买方与供应商交换关系

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代写：买方与供应商交换关系

需要有积极的买方供应商的交流，因为这将改善结果，例如提高效率和生产力和关系，并在买方供应商的交流中建立一个较长期的国家。目前，对买方供应商交换的许多方面及其影响进行了研究。例如，考虑有效沟通对交换的影响以及这对采购绩效的影响(Graca等，2015)。社会交换理论认为，改进后的交流方式可以使任何关系更持久。

代写：买方与供应商交换关系
使用采购和销售经理的研究似乎表明，在持久有效的关系中，承诺、沟通、合作和信任是一些更有影响的因素。在关系和交流的背景下，还有一个更有影响的因素就是权力。权力在关系交换中起着至关重要的作用，而权力的感知和处理方式对买方供应商的交易形式也会产生非常稳固的影响。本文试图了解买方供应商的权力在管理中的重要性，以及这种谈判的买方与供应商之间的交易的结果。

代写：买方与供应商交换关系

There is a need to have positive buyer supplier exchanges as this will improve the outcome, such as having efficiency and productivity and relations and establishing a longer-term state in buyer supplier exchanges. Many aspects and their impact on buyer supplier exchanges have been studied till now. For instance, consider the effects of efficient communication on the exchange and the effects of this on procurement performance (Graca et al., 2015). Social exchange theories suggest that aspects of exchanges when improved could make any relationship longer lasting.

代写：买方与供应商交换关系

Studies using procurement and sales managers seem to indicate that commitment, communication, cooperation and trust are by far some of the more influential factors when it comes to the long lasting effective relations. Now in the context of relationships and exchanges, there is one more influential factor which is the power. Power plays a critical role in relationship exchanges and the way power is perceived and handled could have a very solid impact on the form of buyer supplier exchanges. This essay attempts to understand the extent to which buyer-supplier power is important in management and the outcome of such negotiated buyer-supplier exchanges.

 

新西兰论文代写

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新西兰论文代写

在三个不同的领域中，买方供应电力对管理、价值创造、资产利用和成本优化(Hingley et al.， 2015)有好处。资产利用的作用表明，发展的重点是与供应商网络的创新和技术相匹配，从沃尔玛的案例中可以看出。

新西兰论文代写

另一个航空制造公司(AMI)的例子是它成为Easton的第一个客户，Easton组织提供XPX组件。这个案例是为了解释买方-供应商权力和交换结果对管理层的重要性。考虑到AMI和Easton都处于战略供应伙伴关系的6年，其中XPX组件一直由Easton提供给AMI (Poppo和Zhou, 2014)。协议的条款是在建立战略伙伴关系之前确定的。因此，从伊斯顿的结束的安排的基础是它的权力地位，因为这是一个成本加安排由伊斯顿提供。这是由于它相对较低的权力地位，因为它试图从AMI获得业务，因为它是第一个客户。这为Easton提供了4%到5%的利润，因为供应商的选择使AMI的权力地位更加强大。然而，在6年的合同期内，作为供应商的Easton继续向XPX组件提供改进和发展，并升级到XPX III (Pulles et al.， 2014)。这一开发提供了与其他2个潜在供应商相比，Easton的XPX III的功能、有效性和成本优势。

新西兰论文代写

There are three distinct domains wherein the buyer supply power benefits the management, value creation, utilization of asset and cost optimization (Hingley et al., 2015). The role of asset utilization suggests the development that focuses on matching the innovations and research and development of the organization with the innovations and technologies of supplier networks as evident from the case of Walmart.

新西兰论文代写

Another example of Aerospace Manufacturing, Inc. (AMI) is taken in which it became the first customer of Easton, The organization of Easton supplied the XPX components. This case is taken in order to explain the importance of the buyer-supplier power and the exchange outcomes to the management. It is to consider that AMI and Easton both were in a strategic supply partnership for six years wherein the required XPX component was constantly supplied by Easton to AMI (Poppo and Zhou, 2014). The terms of agreement were defined prior to forming the strategic partnership. Hence, the basis of the arrangement from the Easton’s end was its power position due to which a cost plus arrangement was offered by Easton. This was performed due to its relatively low power position than AMI as it was attempting to obtain the business from AMI since it was the first customer. This provided a 4 to 5 per cent of profit for the Easton as the power position of the AMI was stronger due to the options of suppliers. However, during the six years of contract, Easton as a supplier continued to make advancements and developments to the XPX component offered and it was upgraded to XPX III (Pulles et al., 2014). This development provided with increased functionality, effectiveness and cost advantage as compared with the other 2 potential suppliers with the Easton’s XPX III.

 

 

 

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尽管买方供应商的权力对管理和供应组织都很重要，但从管理的角度来看，增加对供应商的关注将会给组织带来价值。这是通过降低组织在持续的基础上所经历的成本(Poppo和Zhou, 2014)来进行的。研究表明，超过50%的机械化组织预算用于供应本身。这为组织的管理提供了一个关键的动机，以确定这些供应商的职能，以降低组织的成本，从而为本组织节省成本。

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买方-供应商的权力和买方-供应商交换的结果对于管理从多种角度来说是至关重要的。购买者和供应商链接的重要性可以从多个组织领域中看到，因为长期和强大的买方供应商的力量可以在创建新产品线的过程中为组织的发展做出贡献(Pulles et al.， 2014)。新产品线的引入是业务的一个重要组成部分，有助于产品多样化、成本领先、产品差异化和市场份额的增加以及品牌意识。买方-供应商的权力尤其重要，因为与组织管理紧密合作的战略供应商可以为产品的设计提供有价值的投入。这是在组织和供应商确认的不断增长和不断变化的需要的基础上完成的。这样的关系也可以产生资源的协同效应(Reimann et al.， 2017)。与供应商的管理战略联盟有助于降低成本，提高产品投放市场的速度，降低交易成本。

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Even though the buyer-supplier power is important for both the management and the supplying organization, from the management’s point of view delivering increased amount of focus on the suppliers will result in providing value to the organization. This is conducted by lowering the cost that are experienced by the organization on an ongoing basis (Poppo and Zhou, 2014). The research has indicated that more than 50 per cent of the mechanized organizational budget is spent on the supplies itself. This provides a critical motivation to the management of organization for identifying such suppliers that function with the focus on reducing the cost of the organization which will enable the cost saving benefits for the organization.

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The buyer-supplier power and the outcomes of the buyer-supplier exchanges are essential for the management from multitude of perspectives. The importance of the buyer and supplier link can be viewed from a number of organizational areas as the long term and strong buyer-supplier power can contribute to the organizational development in the process of creating new product lines (Pulles et al., 2014). The introduction of new product lines is a critical component of business that facilitates product diversification, cost leadership, product differentiation and increase in market share along with brand awareness. The buyer-supplier power is especially important as the strategic suppliers that work closely with the management of organization can provide valuable input for the design of the product. This is done on the basis of the growing and changing needs recognized by the organization and supplier. Such relations can also create synergy of resources (Reimann et al., 2017). The strategic alliance of the management with suppliers facilitate the reduction of cost, increased speed of product placement in market and reduced cost of transaction.

 

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根据研究人员的研究，战略方式的供应链管理更加强调了买方和供应商之间的紧密联系和加强的纽带，以利用这种联系所带来的利益。买家正在与该组织的战略供应商(Habib et al.， 2015)日益密切的联系。研究人员认为，组织的管理逐渐认识到建立一个强大的买方-供应商权力和买方-供应商交换结果的重要性，因为这些实践已经提供了明确的和有利的结果。

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学术学者和研究人员认为，随着越来越多的组织发展战略性的供应商合作关系，与战略供应商的支持关系的重要性正在显现。一旦完成，这些组织就会立即在运营市场中获得竞争优势(Hingley et al.， 2015)。研究人员指出，为了与战略供应商建立大范围的关系，重要的是买家不仅要意识到，而且还要重视其他供应商的关键优势。其中一个重要的因素是，从战略供应链管理的角度来看，组织成功是一个依赖的变量。研究人员认为，对买方-供应商权力和后续交易的有效管理不仅能使价值创造，而且还能提高组织的绩效。

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According to the researchers, the supply chain management of strategic manner is placing more emphasis on the close affiliation and strengthened bond of the buyer and supplier in order to avail the benefits that can be derived from this association. The buyers are growingly developing closer links with the strategic suppliers of the organization (Habib et al., 2015). It is argued by the researchers that the management of organizations is gradually recognizing the importance of establishing a strong buyer-supplier power and the buyer-supplier exchange outcomes as these practices have provided with the defined and advantageous results.

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The academic scholars and researchers suggest that the significance of the supportive relations with the strategic supplier is surfacing as increasing number of organizations develop strategic supplier partnerships. Once this is performed, the organizations immediately attains a competitive edge in the operating markets (Hingley et al., 2015). The researchers indicated that in order to develop large range of relationships with the strategic suppliers, it is important that the buyers not only realize but also appreciate the key strengths of the other suppliers. One of the factors that in particular make the buyer-supplier power important to the organizational management is that the organizational success becomes a dependent variable from the viewpoint of strategic supply chain management. It is implied by the researchers that the effective management of the buyer-supplier power and subsequent exchanges can not only enable the value creation but also it can result in enhancing the performance of organization.