代写作业：哈贝马斯的公共领域概念
代写作业：哈贝马斯的公共领域概念
如今，媒体在我们的社会中扮演着重要的角色。人们能否在公共领域或视觉领域表达自己的政治理念是一个有争议的问题。在这篇文章中，我将主要讨论哈贝马斯的公共领域概念和Zizi Papacharissi的视觉领域。在《公共领域:百科全书式的文章》一文中，哈贝马斯首先论证了公共领域是我们社会生活领域中的一个社会场所，个人可以自由地聚在一起讨论政治问题。公共领域的历史是复杂的。在中世纪的鼎盛时期，公共领域和私人领域是没有区别的，但是到了18世纪晚期，资产阶级的公共领域开始随着教会的统治而出现。在这种背景下，公共领域的人们之间的讨论具有调解国家和资产阶级社会的潜力。哈贝马斯还阐述了新闻是如何受到公共领域的影响，并成为一种制度，因为新闻开始通过公共控制，而不仅仅是通过传递新闻。
代写作业：哈贝马斯的公共领域概念
然而，它也影响政府决策。最后，他认为社会福利可以以一种批判的方式影响公共领域。公共领域是走向资产阶级社会和民主的一大步。在《哈贝马斯，公共领域与种族反公共的创造》一文中，盖-尤里尔·查尔斯写道:“资产阶级公共领域促进了在霸权统治面前的民主参与、自治和自治的价值观。公共领域向个人发出声音，并创造舆论使国家负责”。因此，它为公民创造了自由，使他们能够批评政治问题，并鼓励他们以文明的方式解决和影响政治问题。公共领域最重要的方面是批判精神。公共领域利用文化和观念的力量来对抗独裁和政党的力量，也会影响到公民关于谁拥有权力的意识形态，从而凸显出民主的重要性。
代写作业：哈贝马斯的公共领域概念
Nowadays, media plays a significant role in our society. Whether people can deliver their political idea in public sphere or visual sphere is a controversial issue. In this essay, I am going to mainly argue the concept of public sphere by J Habermas and the visual sphere by Zizi Papacharissi.In the article “the public sphere: an encyclopaedia article”, Habermas first demonstrated that public sphere is a social place in the realm of our social life and individuals freely come together to discuss political issues. The history of public sphere is complicated. There is no distinction between public and private sphere in high middle Ages, although, public sphere of the bourgeois began to appear along with the church rules by late 18th century. In this context, the discussion between people in public sphere had the potential to mediate state and bourgeois society. Habermas also illustrated how journalism is influenced by public sphere and became an institution as journalism began to control through public, and not merely by delivering news.
代写作业：哈贝马斯的公共领域概念
However, it also influences governmental decision. Finally, he argued that social welfare can influence public sphere in a critical way.Public sphere is a huge step towards bourgeois society and democracy. In the article “Habermas, the Public Sphere, and the Creation of a Racial Counterpublic” Guy-Uriel Charles has written: “The bourgeois public sphere facilitated the values of democratic participation, self-government, and autonomy in the face of hegemonic rule. The public sphere gives voice to the individuals and creates public opinion to hold the state accountable”. Consequently, it creates freedom for citizens enabling them to criticize political issue, and encourage them to solve and influence political issues in a civilized fashion. The most significant aspect of public sphere is the critical spirit. Using the power of culture and notion against the power of dictatorship and parties, public sphere also influence citizens’ ideology in relation to who holds the power, and thus highlights the importance of democracy.
